The narrative practice is a collaborative process between the therapist and client. A narrative therapist acts as a facilitator supporting clients to explore significant events and identify alternative stories. Narrative therapy also involves talking about the cultural and societal influences affecting a person's life. In many cases, dominant problematic stories set a foundation for oppression, and narrative therapy aims to dismantle such stereotypes.
Externalization: Narrative therapy separates people from their problematic stories, and externalization is one of the most well-known narrative therapy techniques. For example, instead of telling yourself, “I'm depressed,” you might say, “I experience depression.” Instead of depression being your entire identity, it's just one part of it. Some people might even give their depression a name to further the externalization.
Deconstructing a dominant story: Narrative therapy focuses on breaking down dominant stories that impact how you perceive yourself. Deconstruction is important for really understanding the root of a specific situation and clarifying specific pain points. In therapy, unpacking your dominant story in depth can help you better focus on what you want to work on or change.
Unique outcomes technique: Learning your unique outcomes is part of changing your narrative. This is where you might identify times when you have acted or thought differently about a situation. Pulling from those outcomes can give insight as to where you might be feeling stuck, and it can also offer a roadmap for more self-compassion.
Re-authoring life stories: The stories we tell ourselves can shape our feelings and experiences. Sometimes known as re-storying, re-authoring focuses on creating narratives that better align with your values and needs. These types of stories generally emphasize successes, strengths, and meaning.
Therapeutic documentation: Narrative therapists often write down a client's new narrative. This document acts as a concrete reminder of therapeutic progress, and it can be reviewed again for further insight and introspection.